@article {18222,
	title = {High-Fidelity Data Embedding for Image Annotation},
	journal = {Image Processing, IEEE Transactions on},
	volume = {18},
	year = {2009},
	month = {2009/02//},
	pages = {429 - 435},
	abstract = {High fidelity is a demanding requirement for data hiding, especially for images with artistic or medical value. This correspondence proposes a high-fidelity image watermarking for annotation with robustness to moderate distortion. To achieve the high fidelity of the embedded image, we introduce a visual perception model that aims at quantifying the local tolerance to noise for arbitrary imagery. Based on this model, we embed two kinds of watermarks: a pilot watermark that indicates the existence of the watermark and an information watermark that conveys a payload of several dozen bits. The objective is to embed 32 bits of metadata into a single image in such a way that it is robust to JPEG compression and cropping. We demonstrate the effectiveness of the visual model and the application of the proposed annotation technology using a database of challenging photographic and medical images that contain a large amount of smooth regions.},
	keywords = {Automated;Product Labeling;Reproducibility of Results;Sensitivity and Specificity;Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted;, Computer-Assisted;Information Storage and Retrieval;Pattern Recognition, JPEG compression;JPEG cropping;arbitrary imagery;data hiding;high-fidelity data embedding;image annotation;image watermarking;medical images;photographic images;data compression;image coding;watermarking;Algorithms;Computer Graphics;Documentation;Image En},
	isbn = {1057-7149},
	doi = {10.1109/TIP.2008.2008733},
	author = {He,Shan and Kirovski,D. and M. Wu}
}
